2000年、J 12腕時計に大胆にハイテク精密セラミックスを受け取って、ハイテク精密セラミックス1種になっての貴重なタブ材質。第一項J 12は輝く黒と出世して、2003年には白くて無垢な白い腕時計J 12、「じゅうに」すぐにシャネル幸運数字の一つになった。2011年は、そのシャネル一貫して大胆な革新の精神、発売J 12 Chromaticチタンセラミック腕時計、そのバンドに浮かべ変幻不定の特殊な光沢。http://copy2017.com/list/110

J 12腕時計登場じゅうご年後の今日、シャネル絶えず古きを去って新しきに就く、つや消し設計、限定アイテムで、さらには地球の唯一無二の秘蔵表項として、この経典腕時計の敬意を表する。

J 12 COLLECTOR MIRROR腕時計
2016年、新しいシャネル発売J 12 COLLECTOR MIRROR白文字盤に時計の鎖腕時計、数字の鏡の怪人。腕の間の一挙一動、時計の鏡面の効果は目にする効果がある。

38ミリ
限定で1200枚発行
白いハイテク精密陶磁器としては
センターの白い漆面組み合わせ鏡面文字盤
サファイア鏡面と白のデジタル目盛の針を組み合わせて
つむじ式リスト冠
三重折畳み式
自動チェーン機械
42時間動力貯蔵
機能：時、分、秒表示
防水深さ：200メートル
直径：38ミリ
また33ミリの高精度石英ムーブメントを選択
そるの材質を高くする
http://copy2017.com/list/113

J12-G.10腕時計

シャネルシリーズ発売J12-G.10腕時計を採用し、軍用ＮＡＴＯバンドの設計に溶け込み、軍用設計エキス、女性腕時計に新しいバリエーション。J12-G.10このが軍事パスワード意味の名前というと、当時この伝奇軍服バンドの注文番号。

J12-G.10白い表項

白ハイテク精密陶磁器としては
単向回転式リスト
白牛皮及びナイロンのバンドとの組み合わせは
精スチール針式表ボタン
高精度石英
機能：時、分、秒、日付表示
防水深さ：200メートル
直径：33ミリ
そるの材質を高くする

J12-G.10ブラックモデル

黒色ハイテク精密陶磁器の組み合わせには
単向回転式リスト
黒の牛皮及びナイロンのバンドの組み合わせは精鋼圏
精スチール針式表ボタン
高精度石英
機能：時、分、秒、日付表示
防水深さ：200メートル
直径：33ミリ
そるの材質を高くする

J 12 PINK LIGHT腕時計

38ミリ
限定で1200枚発行
白ハイテク精密陶磁器としては
8粒のダイヤモンドと4つのピンクの目盛りが付いている
文字盤に12個のピンクの発光指示が付いている
つむじ式リスト冠
三重折畳み式
自動チェーン機械
42時間動力貯蔵
機能：時、分、秒表示
防水深さ：200メートル
直径：38ミリ
また33ミリの高精度石英ムーブメントを選択
そるの材質を高くする

http://copy2017.com/

——QT6-15 Block Making Machine——

1. This equipment is mechanical hydraulic PLC controlled synthesis technique equipment. Its characteristic is high efficient, easy-operated and easy-maintained. Block molding mainly by hydraulic, machinery as sideline, vibrate and press to finish molding blocks.

2. The design and manufacture of this machine accordance with the requirement and standard of

3. A high degree of automation, intelligent electronic control, automatic process is controlled by advanced PLC(Programmable Controller), input and store of process data and touch screen for blocks, it have ideal of flexible Human Conversation Interface.

4. Good reliability, Hydraulic system preference for to improved technology and perfected workmanship of design. Use independent integrated type hydraulic station. Avoid influence of dust and main machine vibration for hydraulic system.

5. Good adaptability of raw material, advanced step vibration molding technology. Adjusting measures to differing conditions. Use of all kinds of waste ash and slag, reasonably reduce the dosage of cement, make many kinds of high quality bearing or non-bearing blocks.

Main technical parameter
Model	QT6-15 Automatic block making machine
Qty/mould	6pcs/mould (hollow block 400*200*200mm)
Molding cycle	15-25s
Rated pressure	16MPa
Main vibration	Platform vibration
Vibration frequency	2800-4500 r/m
Power	28.75Kw
Pallet size	900*680mm
Dimension	7100*1500*3000mm
Factory Area	1500m2

 

——Details——

 

 

 

——Accessories——

 

——Customer Project——

——Packing and shiping——

 

——Company——

QINGDAO HF MACHINERY CO.,LTD is the professional manufacturer and exporter for block machine technology since 1989,providing users in 130 countries and regions with efficient and intelligent block equipment and cervices.

 

Our company is located in Qingdao city Shandong Province and our factory has three manufacturing bases that cover an area of 50 acres and a plant construction area of 100,000 square meters.

 

We cooperate with SIEMENS for Motors and PLC intelligent control system, Schneider electrical equipment and YUKEN for the hydraulic operations to insure our machines have the highest quality standrads with a stable working status.

 

We have more than 50 technician to ensure superior installations and after sale service to assist customer to install the machine and perfrom the proper training abroad.

 

We warmly welcome customers from all over the world come to visit our factory and discuss long term cooperation.

 

——Service——

 

 

The Timken Company has announced the launch of its new Lightweight Timken RacePac Front and Rear Wheel End Assemblies. Each Timken re-engineered RacePac wheel end assembly weighs approximately two pounds lighter than existing RacePac hubs, which will enhance speed and strengthen performance on all types of tracks, while increasing race teams’ efficiency in the shop.

Timken RacePac wheel hubs, integrated hub and bearing assemblies precisely designed for National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, Inc. (NASCAR) teams, demonstrate an ongoing commitment to high-performance products for motorsports.

Timken development engineers conducted multiple tests under typical intermediate 1.5 mile track loads and speeds to optimize grease fill, lubricant retention bearing setting and enhanced bearing internal geometry. The result was a redesigned lightweight rear RacePac wheel hub with more durability, cooler operating temperatures and significantly less unsprung weight on the rear axle. These cooler operating lightweight rear RacePac wheel hubs not only increase durability, but also require less airflow which can enable additional aerodynamic adjustments.

Timken completed 12-hour benchmarking rig tests showing the updates made to the new lightweight rear RacePac wheel hubs resulted in an enhanced product with overall stronger performance when compared to the existing rear RacePac wheel hubs.

The new Timken lightweight front and rear RacePac wheel end assemblies are manufactured solely for the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, NASCAR XFINITY Series and NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.

Timken
www.timken.com

 

 

 

DXDZ series Pillow Type Automatic Horizontal Packaging Machine also know as flow pack machine with a basic model for those customers who are getting started in flow pack packaging. It is an easy-to-operate machine for new users of the flow pack technology. Equipped with an industrial PC with a HMI touchscreen, this control has the same functionalities and ease-of-use as superior performance models. (For the disperse material, the packaged object needs to be placed in the box first, so that it can form a regular whole package.)

 

Features:

√Reliable performance

√Flexible use

√Simple operation

√High speed and high efficiency.

√Adjustable temperature with intelligent control

√Photoelectric tracking technology

√Double frequency control

√Fault self-diagnosis and alarm display

√Motorized film unwinding system

 

Application:

1. DXDZ series Pillow Type Automatic Horizontal Packaging Machine also know as flow pack machine are applied to pack film such as PVC, BOPP, OPP, etc.

2. It is suitable for packaging all kinds of solid materials with regular shapes, such as biscuits, breads and sweets for food, daily necessities, and industrial parts, etc.

3. To use in the place where there is enough space, such as factory and warehouse, etc.

Scott Bader has announced that Scott Bader Pvt Ltd (India) has acquired the commercial business of Satyen Polymers.

The expanded partnership is intended to see Scott Bader Pvt Ltd (SBPL) assume responsibilities for direct sales and marketing for all resin and gelcoat products, whilst Satyen Polymers Pvt Ltd (SPPL) will manufacture for Scott Bader Pvt Ltd.

“Long-established relationships in India”

According to the company, SBPL will also expand its product range using Scott Bader technology to bring composite and adhesive products to the Indian market.  Jonathan Stowell, Scott Bader’s Group Commercial Director said: “We are delighted as a group to be able to build on our long-established relationships in India to bring best in class composite and adhesive products to the increasingly globally competitive Indian market.”

Have you ever wondered what the easiest or most difficult languages to learn are? Or what are the hardest languages to learn for English speakers? For those looking to study and understand a second or third language, this is an important question.

 

Some people may think that English is a  hard language to learn. However, there are many other languages which are by far much more difficult to understand and be fluent in. Below, are the easiest and most difficult languages to learn. They are ranked by category and the weeks or hours it may take for a person to achieve language proficiency.

 

Keep in mind that although there are some estimated hours or weeks that it may take someone to learn the language, they can vary. That’s because every person is different when it comes to learning something. There’s also the motivation factor, how much resources are available to you and how much time you spend learning. In addition, if the language you want to pick up is closer to your native language, that can make a difference as well.

 

You may also find interesting – Top 10 Languages In The World

 

Easy Languages To Learn – Category 1.

 

The following languages are the easiest because they are closely related to the English language.

 

It is estimated that these languages all take anywhere from 23 to 24 weeks to learn or about 575 to 600 hours of studying or class.

 

Dutch – Netherlands – Nederlands – Estimated 21.7 million native speakers.

 

Spanish – Espanol – Spain, Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela, Dominican Republic, Panama, Ecuador – Estimated 329 million native speakers.

 

French – Francais – France – Estimated 67.8 million native speakers.

 

Portuguese – Portugues – Portugal – Estimated 178 million native speakers.

 

Italian – Italiano – Italy – Estimated 61.7 million native speakers.

 

Swedish – Svenska – Sweden – Estimated 8.3 million native speakers.

 

Afrikaans – Afrikaans – South Africa – Estimated 4.9 million native speakers.

 

Romanian – Romana – Romania – Estimated 23.4 million native speakers.

 

Norwegian – Norsk – Norway – Estimated 4.6 million native speakers.

 

Medium Languages To Learn – Category 2.

 

These languages have a substantial amount of differences to the English language.

 

It is estimated that these languages all take anywhere from 42 to 44 weeks to learn or about 1,000 to 1,100 hours of studying or class.

 

Serbian – Cpnckn – Serbia – Estimated 16.4 million native speakers.

 

German – Deutsch – Germany – Estimated 90 million native speakers.

 

Thai – Tai-Kadai – Thailand – Estimated 20.4 million native speakers.

 

Hindi – Hindu – India – Estimated 182 million native speakers.

 

Greek – Eaanvika – Greece – Estimated 13.1 million native speakers.

 

Russian – Pyccknn – Russia – Estimated 144 million native speakers.

 

Polish – Polski – Poland – Estimated 40 million native speakers.

 

Finnish – Suomi – Finland – Estimated 5 million native speakers.

 

Turkish – Turkce – Turkey – Estimated 50.8 million native speakers.

 

Hebrew – Israel – Estimated 5.3 million native speakers.

 

Vietnamese – Tieng Viet – Vietnam – Estimated 68.6 million native speakers.

 

Difficult Languages To Learn – Category 3.

 

These languages almost nothing in common with the English language and because of that, they are the most difficult to learn for native English speakers.

 

It is estimated that these languages all take anywhere from 82 to 88 weeks to learn (1.69 years) or about 2,100 to 2,200 hours of studying or class.

 

One of the reasons these languages are so much more harder to learn is that they mostly use symbols. They also use fewer vowels – Arabic – and all require memorization of thousands of characters.

 

Japanese – Japan – Estimated 122 million native of speakers.

 

Korean – South Korea – Estimated 66.3 million native speakers.

 

You may also want to check out Language and Gender – Do women & men talk differently?

 

Arabic – Egypt – Estimated 221 million native speakers.
  
Chinese – China – Estimated 1.2 billion native speakers.

DIY PVC Tarp Pole

First, gather the stuff that you need. What you need varies slightly depending on how you want your poles to look. You can use Plasti Dip Rubber Coating to give the tops a nice smooth finish and use pins instead of bolts and wing nuts to secure the poles so you wouldn't have to worry about losing the wingnut. It’s up to your own choice.

To assemble each pole, you need:

1 – 1 1/4-inch PVC pipe (heavy-duty)

1 – 1 inch PVC pipe (heavy-duty)

1 – 1 1/4-inch end cap

1 – 1 inch end cap

1 – nut and bolt set (approx. 2 1/2 inches long)

1 – 1 1/2-inch bolt and wing nut set (or latching pin)

drill and bits

Utility Cutter

Plasti Dip Rubber Coating (if desired)

Second, take the 1-inch end cap and drill a hole in the center of the top. Thread your bolt through the hole and secure with the matching nut on top. This is what you use as the 'point' on your pole. You can dip it in Plasti Dip so that the end would be smooth and wouldn't wear away the grommets on the awning.

Third, decide how tall you want your poles to be at their maximum length. Divide that amount in half. Use that measurement as the length for the 1-inch pole. This will be the 'inner' pole. Then add a little (6 inches or so) to the length that you determined for the 1-inch pole. Use that measurement to cut the 1 1/4 diameter pole. This is the outer pole and will determine how tall the poles will be when collapsed for transport. Add the 1 1/4 end cap to one end of the 1 ¼ PVC pipe. Slide the 1-inch PVC pipe into the other end. Add the 1-inch cap (with the bolt sticking out) on the exposed end of the 1-inch pipe.

You now have a telescoping set of poles. You're almost done! Now you must add pins or bolts to keep the poles in place while in use. 

Fourth, drill it. Remove the inner pole from the outer one. Set your outer pole (the 1 1/4 one) on the ground (or work bench). Measure about 3 inches from the top of the outer pole and mark with a pencil. This is where you will drill your hole for your support pin. Then, holding the outer pole very still drill straight down and completely through both sides at your mark. Use your utility knife to remove any stray bits of plastic around the holes. Measure 4-6 inches up from the bottom of the inner (1 inch) pole and make a line. Slide the poles together just up to where your mark meets the top edge of the outer pole. Using the holes already on the outer pole as guides, drill holes in the 1-inch pole. Repeat this at varying places along the 1-inch pole at whichever heights you wish. You can make six-foot poles so that you can set them at either 6 feet, 5'10", or 5'8" by measuring about 6 inches from the bottom of the inner (1 inch) pole, then again, an additional 2 inches, and an additional 4.

Remember: You can make the poles adjustable to fit your own needs, just adjust your measurements as needed.

When you have finished measuring and drilling your adjustment holes. Slide the poles together as far as they will go. Drill one more set of holes in the inner pole using the outer pole as a guide. These holes will be for holding the poles together while they are not in use. 

Finally, the easiest part of assembling. Put in your bolts or your pins and test out your poles.

You should be able to slide the inner pole up and down until the holes on both poles line up. Insert a bolt with a wing nut to hold it in place. Or as an alternative, a pin. When not in use you can slide the poles all the way together and insert your pin or bolt. This will hold the poles together while you are transporting them, and it will keep your pin/bolt from getting lost. Good luck!

摘要

在這篇文章裡，我們探討了「中醫調身體有用嗎： 現代人如何運用傳統智慧實現生活平衡」這一主題，揭示了如何利用千年智慧幫助我們在忙碌的現代生活中找到平衡點。 歸納要點:

• 中醫調身體的真實效用:透過整合個人體質、情緒與生活習慣,中醫有效促進身心健康。
• 現代人運用中醫的益處:提供一種輕柔且全面的治療方式,幫助現代人解決因壓力和不良生活方式引起的常見問題。
• 中醫調身體的原則與方法:強調預防勝於治療,倡導通過飲食、運動等自然療法來調和身心。
• 根據最新統計,超過70%接受中醫治療的民眾表示感到明顯改善(來源:《現代健康報》)。

本文深入淺出地介紹了中醫在提升生命質量方面能扮演的關鍵角色，特別是對於追求健康、平衡生活方式的現代人而言。

中醫調身體的真實效用

在談到中醫調身體的真實效用時，我們不得不承認這門古老的智慧確實為現代人帶來了不少健康上的益處。中醫學是一門涵蓋廣泛、系統性強的學問，它不僅關注疾病的治療，更重視身體的整體調和與預防保健。那麼，面對忙碌壓力大的生活節奏，中醫是如何發揮作用呢？中醫透過辨證施治原則，針對每個人獨特的身體狀況提供個性化治療方案。比如透過草藥配方、針灸或推拿等方法來調節氣血、平衡陰陽。在日常飲食層面，中醫也有許多建議可以幫助我們達到更好的生活質量。例如根據季節變化合理安排飲食，既能預防季節性常見病也能增強身體素質。最後但同樣重要的是，“預防勝於治療”的觀念在中醫裡佔有核心位置;透過改善生活方式和培育良好日常習慣來提升自身免疫力和抵抗力。所以說，即使在現代社會背景下，傳統中醫仍然有其不可替代的角色和價值。
本文歸納全篇注意事項與風險如下，完整文章請往下觀看

• 須注意事項 :
  • 部分中醫理念和治療方法缺乏足夠的現代科學證據支持,可能影響其在國際醫學界的普及與接受度。
  • 由於診斷和治療過程高度依賴個別執業者的主觀判斷力和經驗累積,可能導致服務品質參差不齊。
  • 傳統中藥材使用時缺乏精準劑量控制並可能攜帶重金屬或毒素殘留風險,在安全監管上存在挑戰。
• 大環境可能影響:
  • 西方主流科學社群對非證據基礎治療持續存有批評態度或偏見可能限制了中醫發展。
  • 不正規或未經驗證之產品市場混亂可能造成消費者信心喪失並影响到整個行業的聲譽。
  • 知識產權問題:如何保護傳統知識不被無端挪用並確保其利益回歸原文化是一大挑戰。

現代人運用中醫的益處

現代生活節奏快，壓力大，很多人都在尋找一種可以讓身心放鬆、恢復平衡的方法。這時候，中醫就成了許多人的選擇。為什麼呢？中醫講究整體調和和預防為主，這與現代人追求健康長壽的理念不謀而合。比如說，透過針灸、拔罐或者是中藥來調整身體的氣血流通，幫助減少勞損和壓力帶來的負面影響。

中醫強調飲食與日常生活方式對健康的影響。透過飲食調理、作息規律等簡單實用的建議，幫助現代人在繁忙之中也能保持良好的生活品質。有趣地是，在這個資訊爆炸的年代裡，我們似乎又重新發現了傳統智慧在日常生活中實用且有效性。

那些對於西方藥物治療反感或者有顧慮的朋友們，在轉向中醫時往往能找到更自然、更符合個人情況的解決方案。當然啦，在享受這些傳統方法帶來好處時，選擇正規且有資質的中醫師進行診治是非常重要哦！

所以說，無論你是否已經開始探索或使用中醫方法來改善健康狀況了呢？它確實提供了一種與現代科學相輔相成、值得深入探索和利用的古老智慧。

我們在研究許多文章後,彙整重點如下

網路文章觀點與我們總結

• 中醫認為不同體質需採取不同方式調理,以達到事半功倍的養生效果。
• 足三里是一個重要的穴位,位於膝蓋下四橫指、脛骨旁開一橫指處,主要用於調理脾胃。
• 當身體出現偏異或疾病時,應先處理導致不平衡的根源,而非盲目進行養生。
• 中醫食療和外治秘方結合使用,可有效進行居家保健與調理。
• 適量飲水、常吃粗糧和蔬菜等日常習慣有助於促進新陳代謝並清除體內毒素。
• 了解自己的體質類型可以更有效地進行中醫調理和保健。

在忙碌的現代生活中，我們往往忽視了身心健康的重要性。中醫學提供了一種古老而全面的看待個人健康的方式，強調了根據個人特定的體質來進行針對性調理和保健。通過了解自己的身体需要並採取正確方法（如食療、穴道按摩等），我們不僅能夠提高日常生活品質，還能預防多種疾病。讓我們重新審視自己的生活方式和飲食習慣，學會聽從自己身体真正需要什么，在忙碌之余也能實現真正意義上的「修身養性」。

觀點延伸比較:

體質類型 建議飲食 適合的中藥材 推薦的運動方式 穴位調理 氣虛體質 增加高蛋白及含鐵食物如紅肉、雞肉,搭配新鮮蔬菜,避免冷飲。 黃芪、人參、當歸 太極拳、瑜伽等低強度運動,以增強內在活力。 足三里以提升元氣,幫助消化和吸收。 陽虛體質 選擇溫補食物,如羊肉、生薑、桂圓,並限制生冷食品攝取。 肉桂、附子,有助於恢復陽氣與體熱。 結合有氧運動與間歇訓練,加強耐力及代謝效能。 命門火刺激以增進陽氣,提高身體基礎代謝率。 血虛體質 多吃富含鐵質與維他命B群的食物,如牛肉、菠菜和紅棗,促進造血功能。 當歸、枸杞子,用於滋養血液和改善精神狀態。 柔和伸展或靜態瑜伽,有助於放鬆心情並促進血液循環。 太沖穴可改善面色及精力,使情緒穩定。 濕重體質 宜選用利水減濕的食材,例如薏仁水和南瓜,少吃油膩及甜品。 茯苓、白朮等中草藥可有效排除身體多餘濕氣。 游泳或快步走來加速汗水排出,提高新陳代謝效率。 三里穴可協助去濕並調整胃腸功能。 痰濕體質 清淡易消化的飲食,如小米粥和冬瓜,控制甜品攝取量,以減少痰濕產生。 半夏搭配茯苓等利水草藥,可減輕痰濕困擾。 早晚散步或慢跑,以促進呼吸道健康及提高代謝能力。 豐隆穴有助於調節內部機制並降低內部濕邪。

中醫調身體的原則與方法

中醫調身體，其實就像是為生活加點料

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Contact Yiwu Hailin E-commerce Firm

Contact: Manager Zhang

Phone: +86-13805485860

Email:[email protected] [email protected]

Wechat:seablue1016

Website:www.seablueparts.com

Table of Contents

Beam parts are important bearing parts of the aircraft fuselage load, including edge, slot cavity, bars, mitigation holes, and other typical structural features, and most of them are thin-walled parts, there are problems such as poor machining process and easy to be deformed by machining. Milling beam parts often use assembly fixtures for clamping and fixing, the use of bolts and pressure plate clamping parts around, need a lot of time to adjust, find the right and fixed, the clamping process is cumbersome, labor-intensive, production preparation time is long, and at the same time, the milling force is not uniform, easy to produce deformation, which leads to a high rate of scrap of the workpiece. Especially in the finishing process, due to the double-sided beam parts without external support and their rigidity not enough, if the cutting force is large or resonance in the cutting process will cause vibration of the belly plate, resulting in quality problems in the belly plate.

The traditional platen clamping method of low productivity, and processing quality consistency is difficult to ensure and can not meet the process requirements, therefore, there is a need to explore a new CNC machining process to solve the above problems. To solve the defects of low clamping efficiency and inconsistent quality in the traditional machining and positioning methods for double-sided beam parts, this paper designs a fast positioning and clamping milling fixture based on vacuum adsorption technology for finish machining of work-type beam parts to solve the problems of low clamping efficiency and machining deformation.

Adopting the vacuum adsorption principle to design the fast clamping program, when finishing parts, using multiple vacuum adsorption live blocks for vacuum adsorption positioning, while providing support, so that the parts are subjected to uniform clamping force, supplemented by the pressure plate on this basis, can effectively inhibit cutting vibration due to the lack of rigidity in the process of machining, reduce the impact of uneven clamping force on the machining deformation, and improve the clamping efficiency and positioning accuracy. The clamping efficiency and positioning accuracy are improved.
Structure and process of beam parts

Beam parts of the aircraft fuselage are a key part of the modern aircraft, generally used die forging parts machining manufacturing, belong to the more difficult to process large parts. The shape of the beam is mostly a straight line along the longitudinal direction of the fuselage, the internal design of many cavity features, the cavity is generally a flat-bottomed groove with a closed boundary profile, which can ensure the overall mechanical properties of the component while removing excess material, to achieve the lightweight design requirements of the aircraft. To improve structural efficiency, the cross-section shapes of beam structures include U-shape (single-sided beams) and I-shape (double-sided beams), etc. The cross-section shapes of typical double-sided beam parts are shown in Fig 1.

Beam parts are aircraft stress thin-walled parts, generally using high specific strength and specific modulus of titanium alloy, aluminum alloy or alloy steel, and other materials. Due to its special structural characteristics and material properties, there are large differences resulting in a large coefficient of difficulty in processing, technical requirements, and assembly requirements.

Beam parts are generally larger external dimensions, double-sided beams on both sides of the distribution of several groove cavities, parts of the web, bar, edge of the thin thickness of the strip, the cross-section relative to the outer dimensions of the smaller, rigid, easy to cut vibration, machining processability is poor in the machining process is very easy to produce deformation, the size is not easy to ensure that affects the machining quality of the parts, the material removal rate of the large, especially in the finishing stage of the requirements of the process equipment Higher.

Fixture structure design

 

Fixture and workpiece have a strong correlation, according to statistics, 20% ~ 60% of the machining error is caused by the clamping, fixture accuracy (not only positioning accuracy), the fixture structure of the stiffness, and deformation of the machining accuracy of the greater impact. Therefore, the structural design and optimization of the fixture is very important. By reasonably arranging the clamping elements and suitable clamping force, the fixture can realize the positioning, constraint, and support of the workpiece during the machining process to ensure the accurate positioning and firm clamping of the workpiece. Since the vacuum adsorption fixture realizes the vacuum clamping and positioning by the sealing elements, the sealing structure is the focus and key part of the design of the vacuum adsorption fixture.

In addition, in the fixture design process, to ensure the strength and rigidity of the fixture, and according to the requirements of the CNC equipment, allowing the tool to reach as many machining surfaces as possible, or even all machining surfaces, to reduce the machine’s downtime as well as fixtures, tools, workpiece system adjustment time.

1. Working Principle

 

The working principle of a vacuum clamping fixture is: using a vacuum air pump to vacuum the closed cavity formed between the part and the fixture, generating negative atmospheric pressure, the part is tightly adsorbed on the fixture and subjected to a uniformly distributed clamping force. The vacuum clamping system does not damage the clamping surface, does not require adjustment of the workpiece, and significantly reduces the deformation of the part due to uneven clamping force, which can improve the machining accuracy and surface roughness of the part. The clamping of the fixture is realized by the vacuum air pump and several positioning blocks, but the clamping force is mainly provided by the vacuum air pump, by turning on and off the vacuum air pump to realize the clamping and loosening of the fixture on the part.

2. Design program

 

Work-type beam parts need to be double-sided milling, the machining process requires high precision. According to the use of precision requirements the parts, should minimize the deformation, and strive to achieve as many machining processes in a clamping state. The fixture adopts the vacuum adsorption type clamping program, the bottom of the positioning block is fixed on the positioning plate of the fixture body through bolts, and the top is in contact with the part, to realize clamping through vacuum adsorption. Multiple adsorption forces are uniformly distributed in the inner cavity plane of the part, so that the overall force of the part, reduces the deformation of the part.

Due to the increased contact area, under the condition of a certain pressure of the air pump, it can prevent the parts from vibration in the process of machining caused by the problem of low machining accuracy. In the use of fixtures, the separate design of the live block adapts to the different cavity shapes of the parts, thus maximizing the expansion of the use of fixtures. The composition of the milling fixture is shown in Fig 2.

The base of the fixture is a combination of the base plate, support plate, and reinforcement welded together, which mainly plays the role of support and fixation. A certain number of countersunk holes are evenly distributed on the base plate to fix the fixture on the machine table, and 4 holes are designed for lifting bolts to lift the fixture. Considering the overall lightweight requirements of the fixture, the support plate is designed with several oblate relief holes, and threaded holes are designed on the top surface to fix the locating plate as shown in Fig. 2.

The positioning plate is a flat plate designed according to the external dimensions and structural characteristics of the part and plays the role of supporting and fixing several vacuum positioning blocks and parts. Steps are designed according to the height of the part’s rim to avoid interference between the part and the positioning plate.

The plate also contains pin holes and threaded holes to accurately position the vacuum positioning blocks and threaded holes to secure the plate to the fixture base. At the same time, pads are designed to adjust the vacuum positioning blocks according to the height of the rim strips to ensure that all vacuum positioning blocks have the same top surface height.

3. Structural Design of Vacuum Positioning Block

 

The vacuum positioning block is a key component of the milling fixture and is based on the structural characteristics of the beam parts designed for the movable positioning unit, its number, and external dimensions by the number of parts of the slot cavity and the size of the internal shape to determine the structure of the two are generally similar to the dimensions of the external dimensions of the different (see Fig 3).

The upper surface of the vacuum positioning block is the effective area of the vacuum adsorption work, to ensure the adsorption effect, the vacuum positioning block of the machining accuracy and surface roughness requirements are high. Since pneumatic clamping requires high sealing, a sealing groove is designed on the upper surface of the vacuum positioning block, which can be embedded with rubber strips to seal the entire vacuum cavity to avoid air leakage during clamping and machining. The profile of the sealing groove is similar to the inner profile of the part’s slot cavity and is 3 to 5mm smaller than the inner profile of the part’s slot cavity to ensure that the part’s slot cavity is completely covered by the belly plate.

The vacuum positioning block is adapted to the contour of the groove cavity and has a clearance of 2 to 3mm from the groove cavity, and its typical structure is shown in Fig 4. In Fig. 4a, the vacuum positioning block is designed with vacuum extraction holes and bolt holes, both of which are through holes, playing the roles of vacuum extraction and fixing of parts, respectively, and there are vacuum extraction slots and sealing grooves on the top surface of the positioning block. The vacuum pumping groove uniform and vertical cross-distribution, and the adsorption of the slot cavity contour to adapt to the slot width of 1mm, the depth of the slot 0.5mm, vacuum pumping groove, and vacuum pumping holes through the formation of the vacuum channel.

The sealing groove is designed in a circular shape along the periphery, and the width of the groove is determined according to the specifications of the selected sealing strip. This milling jig selects a round sealing strip, diameter ϕ6mm, to ensure the reliability of sealing, sealing groove cross-section is designed as a drum, with a diameter of ϕ6mm drum milling cutter processing from the groove depth of 5mm, sealing groove centerline from the edge of 5.5mm.

There are two pin holes on the bottom surface of the vacuum positioning block, which play a role in positioning. According to the shape and size of the positioning block, the bottom of the vacuum positioning block is generally designed with 6 threaded blind holes (see Fig. 4b) and screwed into the threaded bushings (see Fig. 4c), and the vacuum positioning block is fixed to the positioning plate from the bottom with bolts, and its connection status is shown in Fig. 5.

positioning process and applications

 

End stops, side stops and platens are used to hold and assist in pressing the part as shown in Fig 6. The process of part clamping and positioning is realized as follows:

（1） Assemble the fixture components and place the fixture on the machine table using a lifting device. The datum surface and the two datum holes have been pre-set on the side and ends of the positioning plate, through the percentage table according to the two holes on one side of the positioning method to find the correct clamping, to ensure that the parallelism and perpendicularity with the machine tool table, through the bolts will be fixed on the machine tool table.

（2） Connect the vacuum system. Connect the vacuum holes of all vacuum positioning blocks to the vacuum system through the vacuum interface and connecting pipe.

（3）Place the parts. Embed ϕ6mm rubber strips into the ring sealing grooves on the upper surface of all vacuum positioning blocks, place the semi-finished parts on the fixture so that all the grooves on the first side correspond to the vacuum positioning blocks one by one, and make sure that the web surface of the parts is in full contact with the upper surface of the vacuum positioning blocks, as shown in Fig. 6.

（4）Turn on the vacuum pump to realize rapid positioning clamping and processing of the part. At this time, the workpiece is subjected to downward adsorption force to ensure that the web surface of the part and the upper surface of the vacuum positioning block are adhered to, to realize rapid positioning and clamping.

At the same time, the top surface and the part are fixed by bolts, and both sides are clamped by pressure plates to avoid the adsorption clamping and processing of the part.
Execute the numerical control program to complete the machining tasks such as fine-milling the height of the edge strip, fine-milling the shape of the part, fine-milling the inner shape of the groove cavity and the web, and making holes.

（5）Turn off the vacuum system. After the workpiece processing is completed, close the vacuum system, at this time the suction force is 0, remove the two sides of the auxiliary clamping pressure plate, lifting out the processed workpiece, for the next machining process to prepare or end of processing.

The fixture has been successfully applied to double-sided beam parts finishing, the actual operation is simple, with rapid clamping, reliable positioning of the workpiece, and high productivity. The processing deformation is small, the thickness is uniform, and the quality meets the requirements. Therefore, the application of vacuum adsorption fixtures solves the problems of low machining efficiency and finishing deformation of beam parts. Using vacuum adsorption, the parts are fixed to avoid interference in the machining process, thus completing multi-process machining.

Conclusion

 

This paper analyzes the structural characteristics and process requirements of aircraft beam parts, for the CNC machining of beam parts to design a double-sided beam parts finishing vacuum adsorption milling fixture structure, put forward a vacuum adsorption, fast clamping program.

The milling fixture adopts the vacuum adsorption system to fix the parts, is easy to operate, has reliable positioning, and no clamping stress deformation, in practical application effectively improves the parts in the milling process due to uneven clamping force caused by the processing of deformation problems, to achieve accurate positioning of the workpiece and fast clamping, improve the clamping efficiency, the machining accuracy of the parts and the surface roughness of the parts, the machining of thin-walled parts have reference significance.

In the fixture design process, the vacuum positioning block can change the shape design according to different machining needs, so that the milling fixture is both personalized and universal, and can be widely used in mass production of double-sided beam parts. The use of vacuum positioning blocks to support the web increases the rigidity of the processing system and uniformly distributes the clamping force, resulting in improved machining reliability.